全文获取类型
收费全文 | 11929篇 |
免费 | 1689篇 |
国内免费 | 1120篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 11006篇 |
晶体学 | 271篇 |
力学 | 214篇 |
综合类 | 84篇 |
数学 | 710篇 |
物理学 | 2453篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 11篇 |
2023年 | 151篇 |
2022年 | 298篇 |
2021年 | 532篇 |
2020年 | 627篇 |
2019年 | 474篇 |
2018年 | 447篇 |
2017年 | 400篇 |
2016年 | 627篇 |
2015年 | 606篇 |
2014年 | 603篇 |
2013年 | 1050篇 |
2012年 | 629篇 |
2011年 | 742篇 |
2010年 | 576篇 |
2009年 | 652篇 |
2008年 | 653篇 |
2007年 | 771篇 |
2006年 | 726篇 |
2005年 | 603篇 |
2004年 | 534篇 |
2003年 | 456篇 |
2002年 | 462篇 |
2001年 | 259篇 |
2000年 | 252篇 |
1999年 | 235篇 |
1998年 | 196篇 |
1997年 | 190篇 |
1996年 | 154篇 |
1995年 | 121篇 |
1994年 | 123篇 |
1993年 | 93篇 |
1992年 | 91篇 |
1991年 | 50篇 |
1990年 | 50篇 |
1989年 | 41篇 |
1988年 | 34篇 |
1987年 | 42篇 |
1986年 | 28篇 |
1985年 | 28篇 |
1984年 | 15篇 |
1983年 | 13篇 |
1982年 | 12篇 |
1981年 | 12篇 |
1980年 | 15篇 |
1979年 | 12篇 |
1978年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 8篇 |
1972年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 56 毫秒
31.
We construct the polynomial quantization on the space G/H where G=SL(n,R),H=GL(n–1,R). It is a variant of quantization in the spirit of Berezin. In our case covariant and contravariant symbols are polynomials on G/H. We introduce a multiplication of covariant symbols, establish the correspondence principle, study transformations of symbols (the Berezin transform) and of operators. We write a full asymptotic decomposition of the Berezin transform. 相似文献
32.
33.
34.
A kinetic investigation on the monoesterification reaction of the maleic anhydride residue (MA) in styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers with aliphatic alcohols was carried out in ethyl benzene solution. By comparison to classic catalysts such as tributylamine (TBA) and pyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine (4DMAP) is by far the most effective catalyst for this reaction. While both general base and nucleophilic mechanisms contribute to the reaction catalyzed by TBA or pyridine, a nucleophilic mechanism prevails with 4DMAP. This reaction is reversible, and its chemical equilibrium constant decreases significantly with increasing temperature. Both kinetic and thermodynamic results showed that in the presence of 4DMAP, the forward and reverse reactions are second and first order, respectively. The existence of side reactions, reactivity of two styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers of different MA contents as well as two aliphatic alcohols of different lengths are also addressed. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
35.
By using a sheaf-theoretical language, we introduce a notion of deformation quantization allowing not only for formal deformation parameters but also for real or complex ones as well. As a model for this approach to deformation quantization, we construct a quantization scheme for cotangent bundles of Riemannian manifolds. Here, we essentially use a complete symbol calculus for pseudodifferential operators on a Riemannian manifold. Depending on a scaling parameter, our quantization scheme corresponds to normally ordered, Weyl or antinormally ordered quantization. Finally, it is shown that our quantization scheme induces a family of pairwise isomorphic strongly closed star products on a cotangent bundle. 相似文献
36.
Jing Zhang Dan Shan Shaolin Mu 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2007,45(23):5573-5582
A copolymer, poly(aniline‐co‐o‐aminophenol), was prepared chemically by using ammonium peroxydisulfate as an oxidant. The monomer concentration ratio of o‐aminophenol to aniline strongly influences the copolymerization rate and properties of the copolymer. The optimum composition of a mixture for the chemical copolymerization consisted of 0.3 M aniline, 0.021 M o‐aminophenol, 0.42 M ammonium peroxydisulfate, and 2 M H2SO4. The result of cyclic voltammograms in a potential region of ?0.20 to 0.80 V (vs.SCE) indicates that the electrochemical activity of the copolymer prepared under the optimum condition is similar to that of polyaniline in more acid solutions. However, the copolymer still holds the good electrochemical activity until pH 11.0. Therefore, the pH dependence of the electrochemical property of the copolymer is improved, compared with poly(aniline‐co‐o‐aminophenol) prepared electrochemically, and is much better than that of polyaniline. The spectra of IR and 1H NMR confirm that o‐aminophenol units are included in the copolymer chain, which play a key role in extending the usable pH region of the copolymer. The visible spectra of the copolymers show that a high concentration ratio of o‐aminophenol to aniline in a mixture inhibits the chain growth. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 5573–5582, 2007 相似文献
37.
F. Gugumus 《Polymer Degradation and Stability》2007,92(1):143-157
The experimental kinetics for γ-lactone formation shows more complexity than that for acids. Nonetheless, it can be concluded to the existence of a constant rate of formation from the beginning of the experiments with polyethylene melts. There is an additional term contributing to γ-lactone formation in the initial stages that is cubic in processing time. In the advanced stages of processing, in the high temperature range (170-200 °C), the concentration of γ-lactones increases linearly with the processing time.There are many mechanisms susceptible to give γ-lactones on polyethylene melt processing. Some of them are based on decomposition of intermediates formed directly on chain propagation. This is so for the α,γ-keto-hydroperoxides in 4-position to hydroxyl groups. Since decomposition of these intermediates is very fast, the reaction might account for a constant rate of γ-lactone formation from the beginning of polyethylene processing. Decomposition of the α,δ-keto-hydroperoxides formed on intramolecular reactions on chain propagation is not so fast as that of the α,γ-keto-hydroperoxides. Nonetheless, it might account for part of the delayed formation of γ-lactones. The same is valid for the mechanisms based on peroxidation of aldehydes and γ-hydroxy trans-vinylene groups that involve intermediates that are formed on polyethylene peroxidation. They might be important for explaining the cubic term as well as γ-lactone formation in the advanced stages of polyethylene processing. 相似文献
38.
M. Gutowski I. Dabkowska J. Rak S. Xu J.M. Nilles D. Radisic K.H. Bowen Jr 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2002,20(3):431-439
The photoelectron spectra (PES) of anions of uracil-glycine and uracil-phenylalanine complexes reveal broad features with
maxima at 1.8 and 2.0 eV. The results of ab initio density functional B3LYP and second order M?ller-Plesset theory calculations indicate that the excess electron occupies a
π* orbital localized on uracil. The excess electron attachment to the complex can induce a barrier-free proton transfer (BFPT)
from the carboxylic group of glycine to the O8 atom of uracil. As a result, the four most stable structures of the anion of
uracil-glycine complex can be characterized as the neutral radical of hydrogenated uracil solvated by the anion of deprotonated
glycine. The similarity between the PES spectra for the uracil complexes with glycine and phenylalanine suggests that the
BFPT is also operative in the case of the latter anionic species. The BFPT to the O8 atom of uracil may be related to the
damage of nucleic acid bases by low energy electrons because the O8 atom is involved in a hydrogen bond with adenine in the
standard Watson-Crick pairing scheme.
Received 6 April 2002 Published online 13 September 2002 相似文献
39.
Nis Halland Tore Hansen Karl Anker Jrgensen 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2003,42(40):4837-4837
40.
A short and efficient RCM route is reported for the construction of the key nine-membered B ring of eleutherobin starting from the readily available 1,2,5,6-diisopropylidene-d-glucose. 相似文献